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1.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 78(4): 227-232, July-Aug. 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1013679

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective: The aim of this study is to identify the causes for discarding corneas at the Eye Bank of the Federal District in Brasilia, Brazil, and describe the social and demographic variables and Causa Mortis of cornea donors from 2014 to 2017. Methods: We conducted an exploratory and social-epidemiologic descriptive study regarding cornea donation. The data base information was obtained from the corneal donor's medical records analysis. All of the potential donors' records (cause of death, cause of cornea discard, month of donation, age, gender, and time of death, corneal enucleation and preservation), from 2014 to 2017 were included in the study. Results: We looked at 1,574 corneal donor notifications. Demographic characteristics displayed significant differences in gender distribution (male, 74.8% and female, 25.2%), and the average donor age was 40 ± 15.9 years. 25% of the causes of death were from cardiovascular disease followed by 19.6% from sharp or blunt instrument injury, 14.2% resulted from multiple traumas. We described 3,074 donated corneas from the DF Eye Bank, where 2.6% has not been uptaken. Of those 3,074 corneal tissues, nearly 60% (n=1,836) have been transplanted and 40% (n=1,238) were discarded. Regarding the causes of discard, 68% (n=841) were due to positive or indeterminate serological blood tests and 39% (n=486) because of matureness (expired medium guaranteed period of corneal preservation). Conclusions: Specific issues such as violent causes of death, gender disproportion and total time of corneal processing can be better managed to reduce procurement times, and availability, of corneal tissue for transplantation.


Resumo Objetivo: Identificar as causas do descarte de córneas no Banco de Olhos do Distrito Federal, em Brasília, Brasil, descrever as variáveis sociodemográficas e causa de morte dos doadores de córnea de 2014 a 2017. Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo descritivo exploratório e socioepidemiológico sobre as doações de córnea. As informações da base de dados foram obtidas a partir da análise dos prontuários dos doadores. Todos os registros dos potenciais doadores (causa da morte, causa do descarte, mês de doação, idade, sexo e tempo de morte, enucleação e preservação da córnea), de 2014 a 2017, foram incluídos no estudo. Resultados: Analisamos 1.574 notificações de doadores. Características demográficas apresentaram diferenças significativas na distribuição por sexo (masculino, 74,8% e feminino, 25,2%). A idade média dos doadores foi de 40 ± 15,9 anos. 25% das causas de morte foram de doenças cardiovasculares, seguidas de 19,6% de perfurações por arma de fogo e 14,2% de múltiplos traumas. Descrevemos as 3.074 córneas doadas ao Banco de Olhos do DF e onde apenas 2,6% não foram captadas. Dos 3.074 tecidos da córnea, quase 60% (n = 1.836) foram transplantados e 40% (n = 1.238) foram descartados. Quanto às causas de descarte, 68% (n = 841) foram devidas a exames sorológicos positivos ou indeterminados e 39% (n = 486) por tempo de vencimento (período máximo de preservação da córnea). Conclusões: Questões específicas como causas violentas de morte, desproporção de gênero e tempo total de processamento da córnea podem ser melhor gerenciadas para reduzir o tempo de captação e a disponibilidade de tecido para transplante.


Subject(s)
Humans , Tissue Donors/statistics & numerical data , Tissue and Organ Procurement/statistics & numerical data , Cause of Death , Corneal Transplantation/statistics & numerical data , Patient Selection , Eye Banks/statistics & numerical data , Organ Preservation , Tissue and Organ Procurement/standards , Medical Records , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Cornea
2.
Ciênc. rural ; 46(10): 1830-1837, Oct. 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-792538

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT: Wharton's jelly is a source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) that had not yet been tested for bovine embryo production by nuclear transfer (NT). Thus, the objective of this study was to isolate, characterize and test MSCs derived from Wharton's jelly for embryo and pregnancy production by NT in cattle. The umbilical cord was collected during calving and cells derived from Wharton's jelly (WJCs) were isolated by explant and cultured in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium. Skin Fibroblasts (FB) were isolated after 6 months of life. Morphological analysis was performed by bright field and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) during cell culture. Phenotypic and genotypic characterization by flow cytometry, immunocytochemistry, RT-PCR and differentiation induction in cell lineages were performed for WJC. In the NT procedure, oocytes at the arrested metaphase II stage were enucleated using micromanipulators, fused with WJCs or FB and later activated artificially. SEM micrographs revealed that WJCs have variable shape under culture. Mesenchymal markers of MSCs (CD29+, CD73+, CD90+ and CD105+) were expressed in bovine-derived WJC cultures, as evidenced by flow cytometry, immunocytochemistry and RT-PCR. When induced, these cells differentiated into osteocytes, chondrocytes and adipocytes. After classification, the WJCs were used in NT. Blastocyst formation rate by NT with WJCs at day 7 was 25.80±0.03%, similar to blatocyst rate with NT using skin fibroblasts (19.00±0.07%). Pregnancies were obtained and showed that WJCs constitute a new cell type for use in animal cloning.


RESUMO: A geleia de Wharton é uma fonte de células tronco mesenquimais (CTMs) que ainda não havia sido testada para a produção de embriões bovinos por transferência nuclear (TN). O objetivo deste estudo foi isolar, caracterizar e testar as CTMs derivadas da geleia de Wharton para produção de embriões e gestações por transferência nuclear em bovinos. O cordão umbilical foi coletado durante o nascimento e as células derivadas da geleia de Wharton (CGWs) foram isoladas por explante e cultivadas em Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium. Fibroblastos (FB) da pele foram isolados após 6 meses de vida. As análises morfológicas foram realizadas pelas microscopias de campo claro e eletrônica de varredura durante o cultivo celular. Caracterização fenotípica e genotípica por citometria de fluxo, imunocitoquímica, RT-PCR e indução da diferenciação em linhagens celulares foi realizada com as CGWs. No procedimento de TN, ovócitos no estágio de metáfase II foram enucleados usando micromanipuladores, fusionados com CGWs ou FB e então ativados artificialmente. Micrografias de microscopia de varredura revelaram que CGWs tiveram forma variada sob cultivo. Os marcadores mesenquimais de CTMs (CD29+, CD73+, CD90+ and CD105+) foram expressos em cultura de CGWs bovina, como evidenciado por citometria de fluxo, imunocitoquímica e RT-PCR. Quando induzidas, estas células diferenciaram-se em osteócitos, condrócitos e adipócitos. Após classificação, as CGWs foram utilizadas na TN. A taxa de formação de blastocistos por TN com CGWs no sétimo dia de cultivo foi de 25,80±0,03%, similar a produção de blastócitos por TN com fibroblastos de pele (19,00±0,07). Gestações foram obtidas e mostraram que CGWs constituem um novo tipo celular para ser usado na clonagem animal.

3.
Biota neotrop. (Online, Ed. port.) ; 10(4): 77-86, Oct.-Dec. 2010. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-578485

ABSTRACT

A família Amaranthaceae é formada por cerca de 2.360 espécies, 145 delas encontradas no Brasil. Cerca de 94 espécies da família subsistem em diversas fitofisionomias do Bioma Cerrado e 27 espécies aparecem em listas regionais de espécies ameaçadas de extinção. O objetivo deste trabalho foi inventariar e estudar a anatomia foliar e a morfologia de espécies da família Amaranthaceae de uma Unidade de Conservação de Alto Paraíso, GO, relacionando-as ao metabolismo fotossintético. Foram localizadas uma espécie de hábito subarbustivo (Pfaffia townsendii) e cinco espécies herbáceas (Froelichiella grisea, Gomphrena hermogenesii, G. lanigera, G. prostrata e P. gnaphalioides), a maioria demonstrando comportamento pirofítico e anemocoria, bem como sistemas subterrâneos bem desenvolvidos associados com anfiestomia foliar. A anatomia Kranz foi caracterizada em três espécies (todas do gênero Gomphrena), indicando o metabolismo fotossintético C4. Duas espécies são endêmicas da área e duas espécies são consideradas ameaçadas de extinção. Aspectos de anatomia e morfologia são discutidos em relação ao hábito das espécies, comportamento ecológico, duração das porções aéreas e significado funcional. Os dados demonstram a importância da família como indicadora da biodiversidade das áreas abertas dos cerrados e da importância da ampliação das pesquisas na Chapada dos Veadeiros, que tem potencial para o registro de novas espécies, inclusive endêmicas, dado o comportamento sazonal de algumas dicotiledôneas herbáceas e as dificuldades para localizá-las, identificá-las e coletá-las.


The Amaranthaceae family is composed of 2,360 species of which 145 are found in Brazilian vegetation. About 94 species of this family subsist in different phytofisionomies of the Cerrado Biome (a savanna-like vegetation) and 27 species are cited in Brazilian regional lists of endangered species. This work aimed to inventory and to study the leaf anatomy and morphology of the Amaranthaceae species found in one Conservation Area in Alto Paraíso, GO, relating them to the species' photosynthetic metabolism. It was found one subshrub species (Pfaffia townsendii) and five herbaceous species (Froelichiella grisea, Gomphrena hermogenesii, G. lanigera, G. prostrata and P. gnaphalioides), most of them showing pirophytic and anemocoric behavior and well developed subterraneous systems associated with leaf amphistomy. The Kranz anatomy was verified in three species (all Gomphrena genus), which indicates the C4 pathway of photosynthesis. Two species are endemic of the area (Chapada dos Veadeiros) and two are considered endangered species. The anatomy and morphology aspects are discussed in relation to the species habit, ecological behavior, life span of the aerial organs and functional data. The results indicate the Amaranthaceae importance as biodiversity indicator of open vegetation areas of Cerrado and the necessity of further research in Chapada dos Veadeiros, which has the potential to register new plant species, including endemic ones, since this work displays the seasonal behavior of some dicotyledonean herbaceous species and the difficulties to locate, identify and collect them.

4.
Pesqui. vet. bras ; 30(9): 770-781, set. 2010. ilus, graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-562961

ABSTRACT

This study investigated the effects of bone morphogenetic protein 6 (BMP-6) on in vitro primordial follicle development in goats. Samples of goat ovarian cortex were cultured in vitro for 1 or 7 days in Minimum Essential Medium (control medium) supplemented with different concentrations of BMP-6. Follicle survival, activation and growth were evaluated through histology and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). After 7 days of culture, histological analysis demonstrated that BMP-6 enhanced the percentages of atretic primordial follicles when compared to fresh control (day 0). Nevertheless, BMP-6 increased follicular and oocyte diameter during both culture periods. As the culture period progressed from day 1 to day 7, a significant increase in follicle diameter was observed with 1 or 50ng/ml BMP-6. However, on the contrary to that observed with the control medium TEM revealed that follicles cultured for up to 7 days with 1 or 50ng/ml BMP-6 had evident signs of atresia. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that BMP-6 negatively affects the survival and ultrastructure of goat primordial follicles.


O presente estudo investigou os efeitos da proteína morfogenética óssea-6 (BMP-6) no desenvolvimento in vitro de folículos primordiais caprinos. Amostras de córtex ovariano de cabras foram cultivados por 1 ou 7 dias em Meio Essencial Mínimo (meio controle) suplementado com diferentes concentrações de BMP-6. As taxas de sobrevivência, ativação e crescimento foram avaliadas por histologia clássica e microscopia eletrônica de transmissão (MET). Após 7 dias de cultivo, a análise histológica demonstrou que a BMP-6 aumentou o percentual de folículos primordiais degenerados no dia 7 quando comparados ao controle fresco (D0). Além disso, houve um aumento significativo do diâmetro folicular e oocitário em ambos os períodos de cultivo em todos os tratamentos na presença de BMP-6. Com a progressão do cultivo do dia 1 para o dia 7, nos tratamentos com 1 ou 50ng/ml de BMP-6, foi observado um aumento significativo no diâmetro folicular. Entretanto, contrário ao observado no meio controle, a MET revelou que os folículos cultivados nesses tratamentos apresentavam sinais evidentes de atresia. Em conclusão, esse estudo demonstrou que a BMP-6 afeta negativamente a sobrevivência e a ultra-estrutura de folículos primordiais caprinos.


Subject(s)
Animals , Ovarian Follicle/transplantation , Ovarian Follicle/ultrastructure , Bone Morphogenetic Proteins/adverse effects
5.
Braz. arch. biol. technol ; 53(2): 343-352, Mar.-Apr. 2010. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-546565

ABSTRACT

The aim of this work was to study the effect of curcumin on cell cycle in the human SK-MEL-37 melanoma cell line. In addition, morphological and structural analyses were also performed. Flow cytometric analysis showed a G0/G1 arrest at 5 µM after 24 h exposure and a concentration-dependent increase in the proportion of sub-G0 hypodiploid cells. Typical apoptotic events were also observed by the fluorescence microscopy, transmission and scanning electronic microscopy. Loss of mitochondrial membrane potential was not detected. Results suggested that curcumin could arrest human melanoma cells at G0/G1 phase and induce a mitochondrial-independent apoptotic pathway.


O melanoma é um tipo agressivo de câncer cujo tratamento culmina com o estabelecimento de resistência aos quimioterápicos empregados. Portanto, é importante o desenvolvimento de novos agentes farmacológicos que sejam menos tóxicos e que não provoquem quimiorresistência. As inúmeras propriedades terapêuticas da curcumina vêm sendo confirmadas através de estudos sobre o seu mecanismo de ação em células cultivadas. No presente estudo, empregamos células de melanoma humano da linhagem SK-MEL-37, que desenvolveram resistência in vitro à doxorubicina e cisplatina, drogas normalmente utilizadas na clínica. Investigamos o efeito da curcumina sobre o ciclo celular através de citometria de fluxo. Além disso, análises morfológicas e estruturais também foram realizadas. Os resultados demonstraram que o tratamento com uma concentração de 5 ?M de curcumina provocou uma parada na subfase G0/G1. Além disso, observou-se um aumento dose-dependente na proporção de células hipodiplóides em sub-G0. Eventos apoptóticos típicos foram observados por microscopia de fluorescência, microscopia eletrônica de transmissão e microscopia eletrônica de varredura. Não foi detectada alteração no potencial de membrana mitocondrial. Os resultados indicam que futuros estudos poderão tornar possível a utilização da curcumina como um modulador para agentes quimioterápicos empregados na clínica no tratamento do melanoma.

6.
Biocell ; 34(1): 23-35, Apr. 2010. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-595047

ABSTRACT

The leaf structure and micromorphology characterize plant species and reflex its interactions with the environment. Leaf epidermis sculptures aid high transpiration plants on light reflection. The form and distribution of epicuticular wax crystalloids are important to characterize the surface. Aiming to know the micromorphology and the ultrastructure of G. arborescens, G. pohlii and G. virgata, leaves of these Cerrado native species were collected in Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil, at the Olympic Center of the Universidade de Brasília and at Reserva Ecológica do Roncador. Leaves of G. globosa, an Indian native species, were also studied for comparison. Leaves were fractionated, fixed and treated for observation under optical and scanning electron microscope. A description of the leaf epidermis is provided, alo ng with some quantitative data to help the species taxonomy and support future studies on their physiology: all species are amphistomatic and have Stomatal Index between 7.27 and 18.99. The Gomphrena spp. studied have epicuticular wax platelets and wax sculptures over their larger trichome, which are relevant for their taxonomy. Over the Cerrado species cuticle, epicuticular wax is damaged by fungi hyphae development. The presence of epicuticular wax on Gomphrena spp. leaves corroborates the phylogenetical alliance between Amaranthaceae and Chenopodiaceae.


Subject(s)
Amaranthaceae/anatomy & histology , Amaranthaceae/classification , Plant Leaves/anatomy & histology , Brazil , Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
7.
Braz. j. vet. res. anim. sci ; 46(5): 378-386, 2009. ilus, tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-538430

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of pituitary (pFSH) or recombinant (rFSH) FSH on the survival and growth of caprine preantral follicles. Caprine ovarian tissues were in vitro cultured for one or seven days in Minimum Essential Medium (MEM) alone or containing 10, 50, 100 and 1000 ng/ml of pFSH or rFSH. Control tissues (non-cultured) and those cultured were processed for histological and ultrastructural studies. In addition, follicular and oocyte diameter were analysed. After seven days of culture, only 50ng/ml of rFSH maintained the percentage of normal follicles similar to control. Moreover, 10 ng/ml of pFSH and all the concentrations of rFSH promoted primordial follicles activation. In addition, the presence of 50 ng/ml of rFSH promoted the highest follicular diameter at day seven of culture. In conclusion, 50 ng/ml of rFSH maintained the ultrastructural integrity of caprine preantral follicles, promoted primordial follicles activation and further growth of cultured follicles.


O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os efeitos do FSH pituitário (pFSH)ou recombinante (rFSH) sobre a sobrevivência e o crescimento de folículos pré-antrais caprinos. O tecido ovariano foi cultivado in vitro por um ou sete dias em Meio Essencial Mínimo (MEM) sozinho, ou contendo 10, 50, 100 e 1000 ng/ml de pFSH ou rFSH. O grupo controle (não cultivado) e aqueles cultivados foram processados para análises histológica e ultra-estrutural. Além disso, os diâmetros folicular e oocitário foram avaliados. Após sete dias de cultivo, apenas 50 ng/ml de rFSH manteve o percentual de folículos normais semelhante ao controle. Além disso, 10 ng/ml de pFSH e todas as concentrações de rFSH promoveram ativação de folículos primordiais. A presença de50 ng/ml de rFSH promoveu o maior diâmetro folicular após sete dias de cultivo. Em conclusão, 50 ng/ml de rFSH manteve a integridadede folículos pré-antrais caprinos e promoveu a ativação e o crescimento dos folículos cultivados.


Subject(s)
Animals , Follicle Stimulating Hormone , Ovarian Follicle/growth & development , Ovarian Follicle/ultrastructure , Goats , Culture Media , Organ Culture Techniques
8.
Acta cir. bras ; 22(5): 342-350, Sept.-Oct. 2007. ilus, graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-463457

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To evaluate histopathologic alterations of the peritoneum exposed to heat shock. METHODS: Sixty rats were randomly distributed into 6 groups: Heat Shock (HS), High Temperature (HT), Body Temperature (BT), Temperature 0oC (TZ), Sham (SH) and Control (CG) with 10 animals each. The peritoneal cavity of animals from groups HS, HT, BT and TZ was irrigated with NaCl solution 0.9 percent at temperatures 50°C, 0°C, 50°C, 37°C and 0°C, respectively. For animals from group SH, the procedures were simulated and those from group CG, laparotomy and biopsies were conducted. Twenty-four hours later, biopsies of the peritoneum for exams under light and electronic microscopy were performed. RESULTS: Edema was found in groups HS 80 percent, HT 60 percent, BT 30 percent TZ 70 percent, SH 40 percent and CG 30 percent. Vascular congestion was found in groups HS 20 percent, HT 30 percent, BT 10 percent and TZ 20 percent. Erythrocyte extravasation was found in groups HT 60 percent and SH 10 percent. Mesothelium destruction was found in 100 percent of specimens from groups HS, HT, BT, TZ, SH and CG 90 percent. Necrosis was found in groups HS 30 percent, HT 20 percent and BT 10 percent. The mean peritoneal thickness ranged from 42.26 μm (TZ) to 26.42 μm (CG). CONCLUSION: The heat shock caused no deaths, but promoted significant peritoneal edema without affecting the other histopathologic indicatives.


OBJETIVO: Avaliar alterações histopatológicas do peritônio exposto a choque térmico. MÉTODOS: Sessenta ratos foram distribuídos aleatoriamente em seis grupos: Choque Térmico (CT), Temperatura Elevada (TE), Temperatura 0°C (TZ) Sham (SH) e Controle (GC) com 10 animais. A cavidade peritoneal dos animais dos grupos CT, TE, TC e TZ foi irrigada com solução de NaCl 0,9 por cento nas temperaturas, 50°C e 0°C, 50°C, 37°C e 0°C, respectivamente. Nos animais do grupo SH foram simulados os procedimentos e nos do GC laparotomia e biópsias. Depois de 24 horas foram realizadas biópsias do peritônio para exames sob microscopia de luz e eletrônica. RESULTADOS: Edema foi encontrado nos grupos CT 80 por cento, TE 60 por cento, TC 30 por cento, TZ 70 por cento, SH 40 por cento e GC 30 por cento. Congestão vascular foi encontrada nos grupos CT 20 por cento, TE 30 por cento, TC 10 por cento e TZ 20 por cento. Extravasamento de hemácias foi encontrado nos grupos TE 60 por cento e SH 10 por cento. Destruição de mesotélio foi encontrada em 100 por cento dos espécimes dos grupos CT, TE, TC, TZ, SH e no grupo GC 90 por cento. Necrose foi encontrada nos grupos CT 30 por cento, TE 20 por cento e TC 10 por cento. A espessura média do peritônio variou de 42,26 μm (TZ) a 26,42 μm (GC). CONCLUSÃO: O choque térmico não causou óbitos, mas promoveu edema peritoneal significante sem alterar os demais indicadores histopatológicos.


Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Heat-Shock Response , Peritoneal Lavage/adverse effects , Peritoneum/pathology , Sodium Chloride/pharmacology , Biopsy , Edema/etiology , Epithelium/drug effects , Epithelium/metabolism , Erythrocytes/drug effects , Erythrocytes/metabolism , Models, Animal , Necrosis/etiology , Peritoneal Lavage/methods , Peritoneum/drug effects , Peritoneum/metabolism , Random Allocation , Rats, Wistar , Sodium Chloride/adverse effects
9.
Braz. arch. biol. technol ; 50(2): 231-238, Mar. 2007. graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-452739

ABSTRACT

Crude xylanase preparations from Penicillium corylophilum, Aspergillus niger and Trichoderma longibrachiatum were used to treat Eucalyptus kraft pulp, prior to chlorine dioxide and alkaline bleaching sequences. The enzyme pretreatment improved brightness and delignification of non-delignified and oxygen-bleached samples of eucalyptus kraft pulp. Xylanase preparations from T. longibrachiatum and P. corylophilum were more effective to reduce pulp kappa number. A small reduction in viscosity was obtained when the oxygen-bleached pulp was treated with xylanase preparation from A. niger. For all enzyme samples, the best release of chromophoric material from the pulp was at 237 nm. The enzyme preparation from P. corylophilum was responsible for the highest release of reducing sugar at a dosage interval of 10-20 IU/g dry weight pulp. Scanning electron microscopy studies of oxygen-bleached pulp after xylanase treatment revealed morphological changes, including holes, cracks, filament forming and peeling.


Amostras de xilanases de extratos brutos de Penicillium corylophilum, Aspergillus niger e Trichoderma longibrachiatum foram utilizadas no branqueamento de polpa kraft de eucalipto antes das seqüências alcalina e dióxido de cloro. O pré-tratamento enzimático melhorou a alvura e o processo de deslignificação de amostras de polpa kraft de eucalipto não-tratada e tratada com oxigênio. Amostras de xilanases de T. longibrachiatum e P. corylophilum foram mais efetivas na redução do número kappa da polpa. A polpa tratada com oxigênio sofreu uma pequena redução na sua viscosidade quando incubada com amostra de xilanase de A. niger. Para todas as amostras de xilanases, a maior liberação de cromóforos da polpa foi a 237 nm. A amostra de xilanase de P. corylophilum liberou maior quantidade de açúcar redutor da polpa, utilizando dosagem de 10-20 UI/g de peso seco da polpa. Estudos de microscopia eletrônica de varredura revelaram várias alterações morfológicas da polpa tratada com oxigênio tais como a formação de buracos, rachaduras e filamentos.

10.
Biocell ; 30(1): 33-38, abr. 2006. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-448075

ABSTRACT

The ultrastructure of normal, ejaculated spermatozoa of Bos indicus was studied by means of electron microscopy, being evaluated in two principal parts, the head and the tail. The head is flat, oval or paddle-shaped with a square base, which provides a concave recess for the insertion of the tail. The acrosome tightly covers the anterior two thirds of the nucleus. A distinct unilateral acrosomal bulge was observed along the apical edge of the head. The equatorial region demarcates the acrosome from the post-equatorial region that covers the caudal one third of the nucleus. The classical 9+9+2 fiber pattern which composes the axoneme was observed along three segments of the tail, namely middle, principal and terminal pieces. The axoneme is anteriorly bound by the mitochondrial helix (middle piece) and posteriorly by the fibrous helix (principal piece), except at the terminal piece. The border between the middle piece and principal piece was well defined due to the termination of the thick mitochondrial helix and the presence of the annulus. Some of the spermatozoa presented cytoplasmatic droplets, which appeared as stalk-like appendages.


Subject(s)
Male , Cattle , Animals , Spermatozoa/ultrastructure , Microscopy, Electron/veterinary , Reproductive Techniques/veterinary
11.
Rev. dent. press ortodon. ortopedi. facial ; 10(4): 25-33, jul.-ago. 2005. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: lil-431856

ABSTRACT

A distração osteogênica é uma forma de engenharia de tecidos na qual a separação gradual de margens ósseas cirurgicamente seccionadas resulta na geração de novo osso, cujo processo geral de regeneração é similar à ossificação intramembranosa. A técnica ganhou muitas aplicações na região dentofacial que variam da movimentação dentária a avanços da mandíbula ou da face média. Esse artigo revisa a literatura sobre o assunto com o objetivo de proporcionar ao ortodontista e ao cirurgião bucomaxilofacial uma abordagem atualizada das características biológicas e clínicas dessa técnica.


Subject(s)
Orthodontics , Osteogenesis, Distraction , Surgery, Oral
12.
Braz. j. morphol. sci ; 20(3): 147-151, sept.-dec. 2003. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-413788

ABSTRACT

The presence of glicoconjugates in apyrene and eupyrene spermatozoa of the noctuid moth Anticarsia gemmatalis was examined using ruthenium red and direct lectin-gold labeling techniques. Acid mucopolysaccharides of the plasma membrane of apyrene spermatozoa and the lacinante appendages of eupyrene spermatozoa were stained by ruthenium red. The lacinated appendages of eupyrene spermatozoa were the most intensely labeled structures when were used as histochemical probes. Sugar residues were also present in the dense cap of apyrene spermatozoa and in the nucleus of eupyrene spermatozoa. There was no labeling in the acrosome of eupyrene spermatozoa. These results indicate that the two categories of spermatozoa have different types and distributions of glycoconjugates which probably reffect their distinct fuctions during differentiation and fertilization.


Subject(s)
Male , Adult , Insecta , Lepidoptera/ultrastructure , Spermatozoa , Glycoconjugates , Insecta , Lectins , Moths
13.
Braz. j. morphol. sci ; 18(2): 91-94, jul.-dez. 2001. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-322547

ABSTRACT

Diapause is a genetically controlled life phase in which the biochemical and behavioral adjustaments that occur in advance are followed by a refractory period of suppressed development. In this study, we investigated whether spermiogenesis in phytophagous bugs continues in adult diapause. The morphology of spermiogenesis during this phase was examined. During diapause, the testes of phytophagous insects contained vesicles similar to residual bodies. These vesicles showed acid phosphatase activity, which suggested that they were active lysosomes. In addition, the nucleus of spermatids showed an apoptotic pattern with fragmented chromatin. These results indicate that spermiogenesis is discontinued during adult diapause in these bugs, and that apoptotic and phagocytic events may be involved.


Subject(s)
Animals , Heteroptera/anatomy & histology , Spermatozoa
14.
Biocell ; 25(2): 173-177, Aug. 2001.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-335876

ABSTRACT

The ultrastructural detection of calcium using pyroantimonate, and the immunocytochemical localization of calmodulin using monoclonal antibody were carried out during the spermiogenesis of phytophagous bugs. The presence of calcium was observed on the Golgi apparatus during the initial phases of spermiogenesis. In the other stages the calcium was observed in association with the nucleus and in some regions of acrosome. Indeed, it was detected surrounding the mitochondrial derivatives and specific axonemal microtubules on the tail region. The immunocytochemical detection of calmodulin showed the presence of this protein approximately in the same regions where the calcium was detected, indicating that calcium and calmodulin could work together during spermiogenesis of this phytophagous bugs, suggesting their involvement on the regulation of flagellar beating, nuclear compactation and acrosome formation.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Calcium , Calmodulin , Spermatogenesis/physiology , Spermatozoa , Hemiptera , Microscopy, Electron , Spermatozoa
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